Debt Consolidation

Recommendations

  • A consolidation loan only helps if you avoid running the old cards back up afterward -- the payment relief here assumes the old balances stay at zero.
  • Watch for origination or balance-transfer fees on the new loan, which are not included in this comparison and reduce the real savings.
  • See the full monthly payment and amortization schedule for the new loan with the Loan Calculator.

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Disclaimer

This calculator provides estimates for informational purposes only and does not constitute financial, medical, legal, or tax advice. Always consult a qualified professional about your specific situation.

How Debt Consolidation Savings Are Calculated

Debt consolidation replaces several existing debts with one new loan at a single interest rate, ideally lower than what you’re paying now. Enter your total balance, the blended average rate you’re currently paying, and what you currently pay each month combined across those debts, then add the new consolidation loan’s rate and term to see whether it actually lowers your monthly payment and total interest — or just moves the numbers around.

This is distinct from the Debt Payoff Calculator calculator, which compares avalanche and snowball STRATEGIES for a list of separate existing debts at their own rates, never introducing a new loan. This calculator is specifically about the “roll it all into one” question.

The Formula

Both paths use the standard fixed-rate amortization formula for the new loan:

M=P×r(1+r)n(1+r)n1M = \vA{P} \times \frac{\vB{r}(1+\vB{r})^{\vC{n}}}{(1+\vB{r})^{\vC{n}} - 1}

where r\vB{r} is the monthly interest rate (annual rate ÷ 12) and n\vC{n} is the number of monthly payments.

The current path has no such closed form, since the payment (not the term) is fixed — it’s simulated month by month instead, the same way a credit card payoff calculation works, until the balance reaches zero.

Worked Example

$20,000 in debt at a 22% blended current rate, currently paid down at $600/month, compared against a new consolidation loan at 10% over 5 years:

  1. At the current pace, that debt takes about 52 months to pay off, with roughly $11,192 in total interest.
  2. The new loan’s monthly payment: about $424.94.
  3. The new loan’s total interest over its full term: about $5,496.
  4. Monthly savings: about $175.
  5. Comparing each path’s own full payoff time, consolidating saves roughly $5,696 in total interest.

Key Factors to Consider

  • A consolidation loan converts revolving debt into fixed-term debt, which changes the payoff dynamic. Unlike a credit card, a consolidation loan has a fixed end date and payment — once the new loan is taken out, there’s no way to make only a “minimum payment” that stretches things out further, which can be a genuine benefit for someone who struggles with revolving debt discipline.
  • Secured consolidation loans (backed by a home or vehicle) typically offer lower rates but carry real risk. A home equity loan or line of credit used for debt consolidation often has a meaningfully lower rate than an unsecured personal loan, but defaulting on it puts the secured asset at risk in a way defaulting on unsecured credit card debt does not.
  • Your credit score affects both your current rates and your consolidation loan’s rate. A consolidation loan generally makes the most financial sense when your credit qualifies you for a meaningfully lower rate than your current blended average — check your likely rate before assuming consolidation will help.
  • This calculator compares one point-in-time scenario, not ongoing financial behavior. The actual outcome depends on sticking to the new loan’s payment plan and not accumulating new debt — the math here shows what’s possible under those conditions, not a guarantee of what will happen.

Common Mistakes

  • Treating the lower payment as free money. A lower monthly payment often comes from a longer term, not just a lower rate — always check the lifetime interest comparison too, not just the monthly number.
  • Ignoring fees. Origination fees, balance-transfer fees, and closing costs on the new loan aren’t included in this comparison and can meaningfully cut into the real savings.
  • Running the old balances back up. The entire benefit here depends on the old debts staying at zero after consolidating — adding new charges to a paid-off card erases the savings and can leave you worse off than before.

Useful to Know

Consolidation reduces the interest rate and/or simplifies payments, but it never reduces the amount actually owed — the balance just moves from several accounts to one, it doesn’t shrink. The real savings come entirely from paying a lower rate over the loan’s term, which is exactly why comparing the two paths’ full lifetime interest (not just the smaller monthly payment) is what actually tells you whether consolidating is worth doing.

Source: U.S. Consumer Financial Protection Bureau: What Is Debt Consolidation?.

Frequently Asked Questions

How is this different from the Debt Payoff Calculator?

The Debt Payoff Calculator compares the avalanche and snowball STRATEGIES for paying off a list of separate existing debts at their own individual rates -- it never introduces a new loan. This calculator answers a different question: if you rolled all of that debt into ONE new consolidation loan at a single rate, would that actually save money compared to your current payoff pace?

What counts as my "current average interest rate"?

A rough weighted average across whatever debts you're consolidating -- credit cards, personal loans, etc. If your balances and rates vary a lot, weight the average toward whichever balance is largest, since that debt drives most of the interest cost.

Does this account for fees on the new loan?

No -- this compares interest and payment amounts only. Many consolidation loans and balance transfers charge an origination or transfer fee (commonly 3-5% of the amount moved), which would reduce the real savings shown here. Factor any known fee in separately before deciding.

Does consolidating debt hurt my credit score?

It can cause a small, temporary dip -- applying for a new loan involves a hard credit inquiry, and closing old accounts can shorten your average account age and change your credit utilization. Most people see their score recover, and often improve over time, as the new loan is paid down and old high-utilization balances go to zero.

Should I close my old credit cards after consolidating?

Not necessarily. Closing a card removes its credit limit from your total available credit, which can raise your utilization ratio on the remaining cards even though your total debt didn't change. Many people keep old cards open (unused) specifically to preserve that available credit and their account history.

What credit score do I need to qualify for a good consolidation rate?

It varies by lender, but generally a higher score gets meaningfully better rates -- someone with fair or poor credit may not qualify for a rate low enough to make consolidation worthwhile. Check your likely rate with a lender before assuming consolidation will save money.

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