Tire Size Calculator

Original Tire Size
New Tire Size

Overall Diameter Difference

+1.81%

The Numbers

  • Original diameter: 25.86 in
  • New diameter: 26.33 in
  • Speedometer error: +1.81%
  • Revolutions per mile change: -1.78%

Analysis

  • This difference is within the commonly-cited ±3% tolerance many tire shops use as a rule of thumb for a safe fitment.
  • The new tire is larger, so your speedometer and odometer will under-report your real speed and distance.

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How This Calculator Works

A tire’s size code (like 225/50R17) encodes its width, sidewall height, and rim size — but not its overall diameter, which is what actually determines how a tire swap affects your speedometer and ride height. Enter an original tire size and a replacement size to see exactly how much the overall diameter changes.

The three numbers in a tire size mean:

  • 225 — section width in millimeters (how wide the tire is).
  • 50 — aspect ratio, the sidewall height as a percentage of the width (not a fixed number).
  • 17 — rim diameter in inches (the wheel it mounts on).

Because the sidewall height is a percentage of width, two tires with the same aspect ratio number can have very different actual sidewall heights if their widths differ — which is exactly why a “same-looking” size change can still shift the overall diameter more than expected.

The Formula

  1. Sidewall height (mm) = Sidewall Height=Width×Aspect Ratio100\vD{\text{Sidewall Height}} = \vA{\text{Width}} \times \dfrac{\vB{\text{Aspect Ratio}}}{100}.
  2. Overall diameter (mm) = Overall Diameter=Rim Diameter+2×Sidewall Height\vE{\text{Overall Diameter}} = \vC{\text{Rim Diameter}} + 2 \times \vD{\text{Sidewall Height}} — the sidewall appears twice, once above the rim and once below.
  3. Circumference = Circumference=Overall Diameter×π\vF{\text{Circumference}} = \vE{\text{Overall Diameter}} \times \pi, and revolutions per mile = 63,360Circumference\dfrac{63{,}360}{\vF{\text{Circumference}}} (there are 63,360 inches in a mile).
  4. Since a car’s speedometer and odometer are calibrated to the original tire’s revolutions per mile, a replacement tire with a different diameter makes the car travel a different real distance per wheel revolution than the speedometer assumes — throwing off both readings by roughly the same percentage as the diameter change.

Worked Example

Comparing a 225/50R17 (original) to a 235/45R18 (a common “plus-one” wheel upgrade):

Original (225/50R17)New (235/45R18)
Sidewall height112.5\vD{112.5} mm105.75\vD{105.75} mm
Overall diameter25.86\vE{25.86} in26.33\vE{26.33} in

The new tire is about 1.8% larger in overall diameter — small enough to fall within the ±3% tolerance many tire shops use as a rule of thumb for a safe fitment, but still enough to make the speedometer read about 1.8% slower than the car’s true speed.

Source: Standard metric tire size notation (e.g. 225/50R17).

Frequently Asked Questions

What do the numbers in a tire size like 225/50R17 mean?

225 is the section width in millimeters, 50 is the aspect ratio (the sidewall height as a percentage of the width), R stands for radial construction (how the layers of fabric inside the tire are arranged — the standard construction for virtually every tire sold today, as opposed to older diagonal-bias construction), and 17 is the rim diameter in inches that the tire mounts on.

How much tire size difference is considered safe?

Many tire shops use a commonly-cited rule of thumb of keeping the overall diameter within about ±3% of the original size — small enough to avoid meaningfully throwing off the speedometer, odometer, or ABS/traction control systems, which all rely on the wheel's expected rotation speed.

Why does a different tire size affect my speedometer?

A car's speedometer counts wheel rotations and converts that to a speed using the original tire's circumference. A different-diameter tire covers a different real distance per rotation, so the same rotation speed now corresponds to a different actual speed than what's displayed.